Automatic ventilator



Feb. 10. 1925.

. J. H. RATTA AUTOMATIC VENTILAT OR Filed July 28, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 mid Feb. 10. 1925.

J. H. RATTA AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Filed July 28, 1924 I 4 $heets$heet 2 III attain:

Feb. '10. 1925. 1,525,887

J. H. RATTA AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Filed July 28, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Feb. 10. 1925. 1,525,887

- J. H. RATTA AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR Filed July 28, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 M h, FQZZZ,

Patented Feb. 10, 1925.

JOSEZPH 1-1. BATTA, OF HONOLULU, TER RITORYOF HAWAII.

AUTOMATIC VENTILATOR.

Application filed July 28, 1924. Serial No. 728,674.

specification.

This invention'relates to new and useful improvements in automatic ventilators which are principally adapted for use in connection with the port holes provided in the side of a ship and isan improvement over .my copending application for ventilators, bearing Serial No, 707,929 and filed April 21, i924.

One of the important objects of the present invention is to provide a means for supporting the ventilator on the inside of a ship when the same is not in position in the port hole.

Another important object of the invention is to provide means for bracing theventilater when the same is in an extended position with respect to the port hole, means being provided for actuating the spacing means from the inside of the'ship. 1

Another important object of the invention is to provide an automatic ventilator'of the character above described wherein the same may be readily and easily placed in use without the loss -of any considerable length of time or labor.

Other objects and advantages of this invention will become apparent during the course of the following description.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals designate like parts throughout the same:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the side of'a ship showing the ventilator n position in the port hole, the bracing means and the carriage therefor also being shown in top plan elevation.

Figure 2 is a fragmentarysi'de elevation of the inside of the side of the ship showing thecarriage and the inner end of the ventilator.

Figure 3 is a front elevation of my improved automatic ventilator.

Figure 4. is a similar view with the inner end thereof being shown in vertical section.

Figure 5 is a horizontal-section taken approximately on line 55 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a Eectional view taken afp proximately on line 6 6of Fi a e 5.

Figure Tis a similar secti take o n'fline 77 of Figure 5 looking in hedirectionor the arrows.

-Figure 8 isa sectional view taken ap proximately on line 88 of Figure" 3: gu e i a r glrie a yjSectional e of the casing illustrating anotlier'foi'i l of the bracing member carried by the casing nd th per ing me n l her t'o Figure '10 is a verticalsectional view of the shutter mechanism. I

Figure 11 is a sectional 'vi'ejw't proximately on line 1 1'-' 11 of "Figui '1.

Figure 12 'sa view'si'milar to Figure 1 illustrating a modification of thebraciiig means for the ventilator when in an'extended position. I

Figure 13'is a View s-im ilantofFigur'e' 2 further illustrating the modification, and

Figure 1.4 is a sectional View sliowing'the port hole closed.

In the drawing'wlier'ein for the purpose of illustration is shown the pre'ferr'ediembodiment ofmy invention the numeral 1 designates generally t-hjeelongated carriage and is substantially semi-circular in' cross section and comprises the channeled diametrically opposed side members 2, thepurpose of whichiwill hereinafter be more fully described. The carriage '1 is hinged asat 3 on the inside of the sideofftlie ship'A adjacent the port liole B" in the manner clearly illustrated inFi-gu'resl and 2 of the drawings. The opposite end of the; can-rage is normally held secured o'n'theinsid'e ofthe side of the ship by means'of thelioo'k.

Adapted to besupported bythe carriage 1 when not in use, is the automatic ventilator designatedgenerally'by the numeral 5. The same comprises an elongated casing 6 which is substantially cylindricalas is clearly illustrated in Figures 7 e and 8 of"the drawings, the forwarder outer'e'nd of the casing being cutaway for its greater length as clearly illustrated in Figures 2 and'5 of the 'tlrawings whereby a substan'tialiy semicircular outward projection T is provided. Arranged at diametricallyopposite points on the casing 6, of'the automatic ventilator are the longitudinally extending ribs 8 which are receivable in tlierl'ianjneled sides 2 of the carriage 'l' to permit a sliding-movement of the ventilator in the'carriage. The

ribs 8 extend longitudinally on the casing 6 from the annular flange 9 provided on the casing adjacent the inner end thereof to a point adjacent the forward or outer end of the casing as is more clearly illustrated in Figure 1. A handle such as is shown at 10 extends across the inner end of the casing and provides a means for permitting the ventilator to be placed in position in the port hole B as well as operate the casing with respect to the carriage 1.

For the purpose of preventing the displacement of the automatic ventilator from engagement with the port hole 13 and to further limit the outward movement of the casing therethrough, a bushing such as is shown at 11 is arranged in the port hole and any suitable means such a is shown at 12 is provided for securing the bushing in proper position in the port hole. The liaishing is of such construction as to be engaged by the annular flange 9 when the ventilator is'in an extended position with respect to the port hole as clearly illustrated in Figure 1. It is of course to be understood that the bushin 11 is provided with suitable notches on its inner periphery to accommodate the longitudinally extending ribs 8 when the ventilator casing is positioned within the port hole.

Adapted for backward and forward movement within the semi-circular portion 7 of the casing 6 is the elongated pressure plate 13, the same being substantially arcuate in cross section as is clearly illustrated in Figure 6. The pressure plate 13 operates between the guides 14 and 15 respectively and the same also provide a means for limiting the forward movement of the pressure plate. For the purpose of normally holding the pressure plate 13 in a forwardly ex tended position, the coil springs 16 are provided, the rear end portions of which are supported in suitable brackets 17 mounted on the inner face of the semi-circular portion 7 of the casing 6 and engaging suitable bracket 18 carried by the rear face of the pressure plate 13 at their opposite ends. The guide 15 extends between the top and bottom of the semi-circular portion '7 of the casing 6 and is preferably arranged adjacent the forward open portion of the casing.

Arranged in the inner end of the casing 6 is the main shutter and the same comprises the supporting ring 19 in which is arranged the eoacting pivoted shutter blades 20, the same being inter-connected through the medium of the link 21, the shutter blades 20 are adapted to be actuated through The medium of the link or rod 22 which is connected at its inner end to one of the shutter blades, and at its outer end to one of the arms of a bell crank lever 23. The bell crank lever 23 is pivotally supported on the bracket 2 in the casing 6 and the opposite end or arm of the bell crank lever is connected to the inner end of the pressure plate 13 in the manner clearly illustrated at 25 in Figure 5 of the drawings. The shutter blades 20 are so arranged as to be normally in an open position when the pressure plate 13 is in its forward position within the semicircular portion of the casing and are adapted to be operated simultaneously with the rearward movement of the pressure plate to close the port hole in the manner hereinafter to be more fully described.

For the purpose of retarding the return of the pressure plate 13 to its normal position soas to enable the shatter blades 20 to again be opened slowly, a dash pot of any conventional construction such as illustrated at 26 is associated with the pressure plate and adapted for operation simultaneously with it. The connecting means between the dash pot 26 and the pressure plate 13 is illustrated at 2'? in the drawing with reference more particularly to Figure 8.

An auxiliary shutter mechanism such as is shown generally at 28 is arranged in the inner end of the casing adjacent the semicircular cut out portion 7 and the auxiliary shutter iinechanism extends only across one half of the casing and the same comprises the inter-connected pivoted plates 29 which are supported in the ring 30 and are con nected together by means of the link :31. This auxiliary shutter mechanism 2-8 is operated independently of the pressure plate and main shutter mechanism and the blades are normally held in a separated relation through the medium of the coil spring 32 which is disposed between one end of the link 31 and the casing 6 in the manner clearly illustrated in Figure 1. The aux-' iliary shutter mechanism acts as a battle and tends to prevent the water entering the ventilator from coming in contact with the main shutter mechanism arranged in the inner end of the casing adjacent the port hole B.

For the purpose of supporting the automatic ventilator in an extended position when the inn r en of the casing is disposed within the port hole l3, 1 provide the bracing means, the construction of which will be presently described. Secured on the side of the ship on the outsiee thereof adjacent the port hole 13 is the bracl-tet The bracket is further provided with a channeled shaped guide 34 in its arcuate outer edge and the purpose thereof is to provide a means for receiving the substantially T- shaped head of the bracing element 36. The bracing element is pivoted at its opposite end in a suitable pocket 37 provided in the rear face of the casing and for normally holding the bracing element in the innermost portion of the channeled shaped guide Hit) lSO

34, a: leaf spring 38 is arranged in the pocket 37 and engages the bracing element 36 ad jacent the pivoted end thereof.

The pocket 37 is provided with an en largement 39 in one end thereof adjacent the inner end of the casing and journaled in the opposite sides of the enlargement is the shaft 40. A Windlass 41 is' carried by the shaft 40 and is arranged within t'lieenlarge ment 39; A cable42 is secured at one end on the Windlass 41 and at its opposite end to the outer'free end ofthe'bracing element 36 and the cable is adapted to be wound around the Windlass through the medium of the handle 43 provided on the outer end of the shaft 40 and which is' disposed within the inside of the side of the ship A. Any suitable means may be provided for holding the cable wound around the Windlass sons to prevent the spring 38 from forcing the bracing element 36 outwardly from the pocket 37 and in the-present instance I have shown pawl and ratchet arrangement such as is illustrated at 44. By releasing the pawl and ratchet mechanism 44, the leaf spring 38 will force the bracing element 36 outwardly so that the T-shaped head 35 will ride in the channel shaped guide until the same reaches the position shown in Figare 1 otthe drawings whereby'the automatic ventilator will be supported in a rigid position in an extended position in the port hole B.

Another form 01" bracing means is illustrated in Figure Set the drawings wherein the bracing member 36 is normally supported in the cut out portion'45 arranged within the casing 6 and a housing 46 extends around the pivoted end of tne bracing element and arranged within the housing is the bell crank lever47 one end of which is pivoted to the bracing'element 36 adjacent the pivoted end thereof while the opposite end is pivotally connected to an elongated lever 48 which extends longitudinally through the inner end of the casing and is provided with a; handle 49'on the inner end thereof which is disposed on the inside of the side of the strip and by actuating the lever, the bracing element may be moved into an operative or inoperative position as the case necessitates.

When the automatic ventilator is not in use the ventilator is held in the carriage 1 by means of the stop 50. The free end ot the carriage is fastened by means of the hook 4 to the inside of the side of the ship A so that the ventilatorwill be out of engagement with port hole B. When it is desired to position the automatic ventilator in the port hole so as to have the forward portion thereof extending outwardly from the port hole, the hook 4 is released and the marriage and ventilator carried thereby is swung in the position indicated by the arrows in Figure 1 of the drawing; hen the hinged end of the carriage is in registry with the port hole B, the stop 50-is released and the ventilator is then pushed outwardly through the port hole until the flange 9 en'- gages the bushing 11. The bracing member 36 is then permitted to move into an op"- erative. position by releasing toe pawl and ratchet mechanism through the aid of the spring 36 in the manner heretofore more fully described. The handle 10 facilitates in the movement of the ventilator with respect to the carriage. r'ifter the ventilator has been properly positioned in the hole, the carriage is again swung to its normal position and fastened by means of the hook 4.

The parts of he ventilator are arranged as illustrated in Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings and the shutters are normally opened so as to admit air through the port hole. It is of course to be understood that the forward portion or open part of the casing of the ventilator is disposed in the same direction in which the ship is traveling so as to cause the air current to be deflected bythe plate 13 and directed into the inner portion of the casing and througln he. port hole. To prevent the water or wavesfrom entering the port hole it will be readily seen that when the waves or water strike the pressure plate 13, the same will move rearwardly against the tension ot the coil springs 16 simultaneously closing the shutter plate 20 of the main shutter mechanism and also actuating the dash pot This will entirely cut off any possibility of the water entering through the port hole and the water which collects in the inner portion otthe casing will be discharged out through the opening 51 provided in the bottom portion of the inner'end ot'the casing. As the wavesrecede, the spring 16 will again return the pressureplate-l3 to its'no'rmal po sition as will'also the shutter plate 20. The dash pot 26 however will retard the return movement of the pressure plate and shutter plates to their normal positions thus assuring that all of the water will be discharged from theinner portion of the casing.

In the first instance however, the auriliary shutter mechanism willbe operated by the waves coming in contact ther'ewitlr and will provide a battle for preventing the Waves from striking the shutter plates of the main shutter mechanism, the coil spring 32 being of such construction as't'o enable the ai'lxiliaryshutter mechanism to be easily operated without necessitating any great amount of pressure.

Whenever it is desired to retract tl e automatic ventilator tronr its extended position in the port hole the carriage 1 is again swung into registry with-the port hole and by pulling inwardly on the handle of the port casing, the ventilator will slide between the channeled sides 2 of the carriage so that the ventilator will again be in position in the carriage and after the same is secured thereto, the carriage is swung to one side and hooked to the inside of the ship as shown in Figure 1.

In Figures 12 and 13 ot' the drawings, a further modification is shown for bracing the inner end of the ventilator when the same is in an extended position with respect to the port hole. The bracing means as illustrated in the modification comprises a locking ring 51 which is hinged at 52 to the lmshing 11 and the same is adapted to engage the inner side at the annular iange 9 formed on the casing of the ventilator, it being understood of course that the outer side of the flange is in engagement with the bushing 1]. The ring is of such diameter as to fit over the inner end of the casing of the ventilator and is provided with a plura-lity of spaced lugs 58 which are adapted for cooperation with similar lugs carried by the bushing 11 as illustrated at 54;. Suitable fastening bolt 55 extend through the cooperating lugs on the locking ring and bushing respectively whereby the locking ring will be held in engagement with the flange on the casing of the ventilator and enable the ventilator to be supported and braced when the same is in an extended nosition with respect to the port hole. The use of a bracing means of this character obviates the necessity of. using the bracing means heretofore described.

For the purpose of closing the port holes when the ventilator is out ot engagement therewith and is supported in the carriage in the manner as above described, I pro ide the glass plate 56 which is adapted to extend over the port hole and in engagement with the inner face of the locking ring 51. The glass plate 56 is supported in a ring 57 which is hinged at 58 on a. suitable bracket 59, the latter being placed on the opposite side of the carriage 1. The ring 57 which supports the glass plate 56 is also provider with means for engagement therewith for holding the glass plate in engagement with the locking ring whereby a water tight joint is provided and the means comprises a backer ring 60 which is hinged at 61 on the bracket 59 and is further provided with the lugs 62 for cooperation with the lugs on the locking ring 51 whereby the fastening bolts 55 will secure the backer ring in engagement with the cover for the port hole. Rubber gaskets such as are illustrated at 63 are interposed between the locking ring and the bushing and also bet-ween the locking ring and the glass plate as well as between the glass plate and the backer ring. This is more clearly illustrated in Figure 14. ot the drawings.

As is illustrated in Figure 12, the glass plate and backer ring are swung out of engagement wi"h the port hole when the ventilator is in an extended position, but when, the ventilator is within the carriage, the glass plate and backer ring may be easily brought into engagement in the port hole in the manner as shown in Figure 14. This construction renders the port hole water tight, and the parts are so arranged as to enable the same to be readily brought into or out of engagement with the port hole.

It will thus be seen from the foregoing description, that an automatic ventilator has been provided which may be readily and easily placed in an operative or inoperative position without the loss of any considerable time or labor and will at all times be eiiicient and positive in its operation.

lVhile I have shown the preferred embodiment of my invention, it is to be under stood that various changes in the size, shape and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim is 1.. In combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator extending thenethrough, and means on the inside oi the ship adjacent the port hole for slidably receiving and supporting "the ventilatorwhen the latter is out of engagement with the port hole.

:2. in combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator extending therethrough, means on the inside of the ship adjacent the port hole for slidably receiving and supporting the ventilator when the latter is out of engagement with the port hole, said means comprising a. hinged carriage adapted to be brought into registry with the port hole to permit the ventilator to extend there through and be suppoorted in the port hole.

3. in combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator extending therethrough, means on the inside of the ship adjacent the port hole for slidably receiving and supporting the ventilator when the latter is out of engagement with the port hole, said means comprising a hinged carriage adapted to be brought into registry with the port hole to permit the Ventilator to extend therethrough and be supported in the port hole, and means for bracing the ventilator when in an extended position.

i. In combination witl the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator extending therethrough, means on the inside of the ship adjacent the port hole for slidably receiving and supporting the ventilator when the latter is out of engagement with the port hole, said means comprising a hinged carriage adapted to be brought into registry with the port hole to permit the ventilator to extend therethrough and be supported in the port hole, means for bracing the ventilator when in an extended position, said means comprising a bracket secured on the outside of the ship adjacent the port hole, and a bracing element carried by the ventilator and adapted for engagement with the bracket.

5. In combination with the port hole of a ship. an automatic ventilator extending theretnrough, means on the inside of the ship adjacent the port hole for slidably receiving and supporting the ventilator when the latter is out of engagement with the port hole, said means comprising a hinged carriage adapted to be brought into registry with the port hole to permit the ventilator to extend therethrough and be supported in the port hole, means for bracing the ventilator when in an extended position, said last mentioned means comprising a bracket secured to the outside of the ship adjacent the port hole, a bracing element pivot-ally secured to the ventilator and normally disposed in a pocket in the ventilator when latter is in said carriage, and means for ac tuating the bracing element to move the same into and out of engagement with the bracket.

6. In combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator supported therein and extending outwardly therefrom, said ventilator comprising a casing having its forward portion cut away for its greater length, the inner end of the casing being disposed in the port hole, a pressure plate supported in the forward portion of the casing and adapted for lateral movement therein, a shutter mechanism arranged on the inner end of the casing and adapted to be operated simultaneously with said pressure plate, said shutter mechanism being normally open. when the plate is in its forwardmost position, and means for returning the pressure plate and shutter mechanism in normal position.

7. In combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator supported therein and extending outwardly therefrom, said ventilator comprising a casing having its forward portion cut away for its greater length, the inner end of the casing being disposed in the port hole, a pressure plate supported in the forward portion of the casing and adapted forlateral movement there in, a shutter mechanism arranged on the inner end of the casing and adapted to be operated simultaneously with said pressure plate, said shutter mechanism being normally open when the plate is in its forwar most position, means for returning the pressure plate and shutter mechanism in normal position, and means for retarding the return movement of the pressure blade and shutter mechanism.

8. In combination with the port hole of a ship, an automatic ventilator supported therein and extending outwardly therefrom, said ventilator comprising a casing having its forward portion cut away for its greater length, the inner end of the casing being disposed in the port hole, a pressure plate supported in the forward portion of the casing and adapted for lateral movement therein, a shutter mechanism arranged on the inner end of the casing and adapted to be operated simultaneously with said pressure plate, said shutter mechanism being normally open when the plate is in its forardmost position, means for returning the pressure plate and shutter mechanism in normal position, and an auxiliary shutter mechanism arranged in the casing forwardly of the main shutter mechanism and operating independently thereof.

In combination with the port hole in the side of a ship, an automatic ventilator extending through the port hole and having the inner end thereof supported therein, means for limiting the outward movement of the ventilator with respect to the port hole, a carriage hingedly supported on the inside of the side of the ship adjacent the port hole and adapted to slidably receive and support the ventilator when the latter is out of engagement with the port hole, longitudinally extending ribs on the ventilator, and guide means on said carriage for receiving the ribs to permit the sliding movement of the ventilator on said carriage.

10. In combination with the port hole of a. ship, a bushing therein, an automatic ventilator extending therethrough, a flange on the inner end of the ventilator for engagement with the bushing, means for bracing and supporting the ventilator in the bushing in the port hole, said means comprising a locking ring hinged on the inside of the ship adjacent the port hole, said locking ring adapted to extend over the Inner end of the ventilator and engage the flange thereon, and fastening means associated with the bushing and the ring for securing the same in engagement with the flange on the ventilator.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

JOSEPH H. RATTA. 

